Chapter 31. Migration Guide
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# Chapter 31. Migration Guide

## 31.1. Migrating from Jersey 2.40 to 2.41

### 31.1.1. Changes in Jackson

Jersey 2.41 starts to support Jackson 2.15 which comes with default limitations for the length of parsed text, numbers, and nesting depth. Jersey keeps the Jackson default value, but it allows to override the maximum length of parsed text using the MessageProperties.JSON_MAX_STRING_LENGTH property if needed.

## 31.2. Migrating from Jersey 2.37 to 2.38

### 31.2.1. Breaking Changes

Versions 2.38 introduces non-compatible change for dependency of Open Tracing. As soon as Open Tracing breaks compatibility between the 0.30.0 and the 0.33.0 versions in its API, and Jersey updates Open Tracing to the 0.33.0 version in the 2.38, for everyone who uses Open Tracing framework it is required to upgrade their dependencies to the 0.33.0 version of the Open Tracing respectively.

## 31.3. Migrating from Jersey 2.29 to 2.29.1 and 2.30+

### 31.3.1. Breaking Changes

Versions 2.30+ do not introduce anything breaking, however version 2.29.1 has a major change which means migration of Jersey to Jakarta EE (8) platform thus all inner dependencies to APIs are migrated to jakarta EE maven coordinates. This also means that all dependencies which were taken from JDK as such (like JAXB etc.) are now external for JDK 1.8 (but for JDK 11+ they are external even in their Java EE form). So, for those who will migrate to versions of Jersey 2.29.1 or 2.30+ , a massive extension of dependencies being downloaded for the project build will occur. Also, there is extended support of JDKs - maximum compatibility with JDK 15 (including previous JDKs). And other major improvements and fixes which are described in details in release notes below.

### 31.3.2. Changes in versions 2.29.1, 2.30+

For detailed information regarding particular changes please refer to release notes:

2.29.1
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33

## 31.4. Migrating from Jersey 2.26 to 2.27 (2.28, 2.29)

### 31.4.1. Breaking Changes

Between versions of 2.26 and 2.29 there are no breaking changes in Jersey which could prevent smooth migration It is enough just to increase Maven (Gradle or any other) dependencies to a required version and all existing code shall work without modifications.

### 31.4.2. Changes in versions 2.27 - 2.29

For detailed information regarding particular changes please refer to release notes:

2.27
2.28
2.29

## 31.5. Migrating from Jersey 2.25 to 2.26.

### 31.5.1. Breaking Changes

- The most fundamental change in Jersey 2.26 and later is that all the modules (including the client module) are now being built with Java SE 8 and with 1.8 language level.

  As a consequential change, one of the modules was dropped, the `rx-client-jsr166e`. This implementation relied on the `ConcurrentHashMapV8` and was made redundant by the JDK upgrade. Please use `rx-client-java8` instead.

  Spring version used in the extension module was upgraded to 4.2.1.RELEASE. The reason for that is lack of Java 8 support with Spring 3.x versions. Optionally, an extension module for Spring 5 can be used.

  Jersey proprietary reactive client API has been dropped and replaced by JAX-RS 2.1 Reactive Client API. The backwards compatibility rule couldn't be respected in this case, since the JAX-RS API are based on what was done in Jersey and there were unresolvable code incompatibilities.

### 31.5.2. Breaking Changes - Injection Manager

Following breaking changes are caused by removing and replacing HK2 (`ServiceLocator`) by InjectionManager. Jersey injection API is considered as an internal API (except `InjectionManager`)

- Classes in which `HK2 ServiceLocator` was simply replaced by InjectionManager and the replacing influenced their public methods:

  MethodHandler
  ComponentProvider
  ExternalRequestScope
  WadlGeneratorConfig
  RequestScopedInitializer

  Support for `HK2 Binder` in the case of using HK2 Injection Module was implemented but Jersey newly supports a registration its own AbstractBinder and Binder in Application to easily switch from HK2 classes to Jersey ones just by adjusting the imports.

  `InjectionManager` contains a mechanism for registering DI specific injection bindings, in case the application uses CDI, developers should use CDI mechanism, in case the application uses HK2, developers should configure HK2 - ideally via configuring a parent locator that is then passed to Jersey. The custom bindings can be also registered through Application if `InjectionManager` supports the bindings type that means that `InjectionManager#isRegistrable` returns `true`;

  In ResourceConfig and ClientConfig configuration methods for auto-discoverable components and meta-components (e.g. `Feature`) accept `InjectionManager` and moreover the meta-components accept `ManagedObjectFinalizer` which ensures a pre-destroy method invocation on registered components.

  Method `getTemplateObjectFactory` in AbstractTemplateProcessor accepts a function that initializes a retrieved template factory from a configuration, usually this function is just a wrapper with underlying `InjectionManager` invocation.

  `HK2 Factory` support is replaced by `java.util.function.Supplier` and Jersey-specific DisposableSupplier.

  HK2-specific annotations `@Optional`, `@Immediate`, `@Unqualified` are no longer supported directly in Jersey but can be used if HK2 Injection Module is used.

  HK2-specific annotations `@PerLookup` and `@PerThread` are migrated to Jersey with an adjusted package.

- If the internal Jersey injection API is to be backed by HK2, since 2.26, the following additional HK2 support module is required:

      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-hk2</artifactId>
        <version>2.44</version>
      </dependency>

- The direct support for `HK2 Binder` being able to be registered as in pre 2.26 Jersey has been returned back in Jersey 2.29. Note, however, this is for backward compatibility purposes and not a preferred way of registering injectables; the `HK2 Binder` support may be removed in the future versions of Jersey.

### 31.5.3. Removed deprecated APIs

Following, already deprecated, APIs were removed:

- `LoggingFilter` has been removed. Use LoggingFeature instead. See Logging chapter.

## 31.6. Migrating from Jersey 2.22.1 to 2.25

### 31.6.1. Release 2.23 Highlights

#### 31.6.1.1. Introducing LoggingFeature

From version 2.23 onwards, `LoggingFilter` has been replaced with LoggingFeature.

### 31.6.2. Deprecated APIs

Following APIs were deprecated:

- `LoggingFilter` has been marked as deprecated and will be removed in a subsequent release. Use LoggingFeature instead. See chapter logging.

## 31.7. Breaking Changes

Last version contained a change in relative URI resolution in the location header. Even though the change was fixing the discrepancy between the real behaviour and RFC7231, it also caused JAX-RS spec incompatibility in some cases. Furthermore, there was no way to preserve backwards compatibility.

Therefore, the default behaviour was rollbacked and a new configuration property was introduced to switch to the RFC7231 compliant behaviour: ServerProperties.LOCATION_HEADER_RELATIVE_URI_RESOLUTION_RFC7231. Also, the possibility to switch the URI resolution completely off remains with the ServerProperties.LOCATION_HEADER_RELATIVE_URI_RESOLUTION_DISABLED disabled switch. Both properties are false by default.

## 31.8. Migrating from Jersey 2.22 to 2.22.1

### 31.8.1. Breaking Changes

Last version contained a change in relative URI resolution in the location header. Even though the change was fixing the discrepancy between the real behaviour and RFC7231, it also caused JAX-RS spec incompatibility in some cases. Furthermore, there was no way to preserve backwards compatibility.

Therefore, the default behaviour was rollbacked and a new configuration property was introduced to switch to the RFC7231 compliant behaviour: ServerProperties.LOCATION_HEADER_RELATIVE_URI_RESOLUTION_RFC7231. Also, the possibility to switch the URI resolution completely off remains with the ServerProperties.LOCATION_HEADER_RELATIVE_URI_RESOLUTION_DISABLED disabled switch. Both properties are false by default.

## 31.9. Migrating from Jersey 2.21 to 2.22

### 31.9.1. Breaking Changes

- In previous Jersey versions, if the resource method created a response containing relative URI in the `Location` http header, the URI was resolved against base uri of the application. This behaviour was not correct, as pointed out by JERSEY-2838. With this change, the URI is, by default, resolved against request base uri.

  For example, having a resource at `http://server.com/api/management/user`, that returns response with `Location: foo`, while the root of the app is `http://server.com/api`, the resulting URI will be:

  with Jersey 2.21 and earlier: `http://server.com/api/foo`
  with Jersey 2.22: `http://server.com/api/management/foo`

  Please note, that the trailing slash is significant, so that if the URI ends with a slash (`http://server.com/api/management/user/`), the output will be:

  with Jersey 2.21 and earlier: `http://server.com/api/foo`
  with Jersey 2.22: `http://server.com/api/management/user/foo`

  Alternatively, the entire URI resolving logic can be switched off by newly introduced ServerProperties.LOCATION_HEADER_RELATIVE_URI_RESOLUTION_DISABLED property. If the value is `true`, Jersey will not change the URI contained in the `Location` header at all (even if this behaviour may not match with behaviour described in JavaDoc).

## 31.10. Migrating from Jersey 2.19 to 2.20

### 31.10.1. Breaking Changes

- New parameter, `org.glassfish.hk2.api.ServiceLocator`, has been added to ExternalRequestScope methods. This is to allow 3rd party component providers to hook up with the actual HK2 locator in case of multiple Jersey applications are running in parallel within a single 3rd party component container. The change was driven by CDI/Servlet requirements.

## 31.11. Migrating from Jersey 2.18 to 2.19

### 31.11.1. Breaking Changes

- New method, `close`, has been added to ResourceFinder. Its intention is to release allocated/opened resources (such as streams) without a need to iterate through the whole `ResourceFinder`.

## 31.12. Migrating from Jersey 2.17 to 2.18

### 31.12.1. Release 2.18 Highlights

#### 31.12.1.1. Updated to MOXy 2.6

Jersey has updated version of MOXy (XML/JSON provider) to version 2.6. Among some bug fixes there are other notable changes (some of them breaking) that you should be aware of:

- Redesign of type property in JSON processing - Special handling of JSON `type` property is deprecated. If there is need to identify type of JSON object - due to missing root element or some special inheritance requirements, it is necessary to specify fully qualified type property with `http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance` namespace.

- Bean Validation in MOXy

- MOXy support for for Java API for JSON Processing (JSR-353)

#### 31.12.1.2. Promoted Public Beta APIs

Several experimental Jersey APIs have matured enough and as such we have decided to promote them from Beta status, namely:

- Jersey Reactive Client API. Also Reactive Client moved from incubator to extension (umbrella) module.

- Jersey client-side ClientLifecycleListener SPI.

- Jersey server-side ContainerLifecycleListener SPI.

- Jersey server-side (MVC) @ErrorTemplate annotation.

- Jersey test framework (client-side) LoopBackConnectorProvider connector.

- Jersey test framework (server-side) ContainerRequestBuilder class.

These APIs are now part of the official public Jersey 2.x API.

### 31.12.2. Removed deprecated APIs

Following, already deprecated, APIs were removed:

- `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties` - constant `SSL_CONFIG` has been removed. Use ClientBuilder methods to configure SSL in a Client instance.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.jetty.connector.JettyClientProperties` - constant `SSL_CONFIG` has been removed. Use ClientBuilder methods to configure SSL in a Client instance.

- `FreemarkerMvcFeature.TEMPLATES_BASE_PATH` - constant has been unified across MVC modules and the deprecated one has been removed. Use `FreemarkerMvcFeature.TEMPLATE_BASE_PATH` or property `jersey.config.server.mvc.templateBasePath.freemarker` instead.

- `JspMvcFeature.TEMPLATES_BASE_PATH` - constant has been unified across MVC modules and the deprecated one has been removed. Use `JspMvcFeature.TEMPLATE_BASE_PATH` or property `jersey.config.server.mvc.templateBasePath.jsp` instead.

### 31.12.3. Breaking Changes

- Integration of executor providers for Jersey runtime has been unified and refactored. As a result, the `org.glassfish.jersey.spi.RequestExecutorProvider` and `org.glassfish.jersey.spi.RuntimeThreadProvider` SPIs have been removed from Jersey. A new, common & generic executor service providers have been introduced instead: ExecutorServiceProvider and ScheduledExecutorServiceProvider. These new providers are used to support custom qualified executor service injection, including the refactored use cases of client asynchronous request execution, server-side managed asynchronous request processing as well as server-side background task scheduler.

## 31.13. Migrating from Jersey 2.16 to 2.17

### 31.13.1. Release 2.17 Highlights

#### 31.13.1.1. CDI integration in EAR packaged WARs

From version 2.17 onwards, it's possible to use CDI with JAX-RS web-applications packaged in EAR. All supported HK2/CDI injections now work as expected for JAX-RS application deployed in the mentioned fashion. One need to make sure that modules `jersey-cdi1x` and `jersey-cdi1x-servlet` are present in Servlet container (that supports EARs).

## 31.14. Migrating from Jersey 2.15 to 2.16

### 31.14.1. Release 2.16 Highlights

#### 31.14.1.1. JAX-B providers separated from the core

From version 2.16 onwards, all JAX-B providers are being bundled in a separate module.

#### 31.14.1.2. Performance gain when using Sub-Resource Locators

We improved the performance for using sub-resource locators in a Jersey application. The performance gains are available for cases when the sub-resource locator method returns either a resource class (return value is e.g. `Class<?>` or`Class<MySubResource>`) or a (non-proxied) resource instance (when return value is an instance of `MySubResource` class).

#### 31.14.1.3. More unified connector configuration options

Jetty connector and Apache connector have been previously using their own custom properties to set SSL context on a connector. These properties have been deprecated and the code has been updated to read the SSL context information from the JAX-RS client configuration. This means that all Jersey connectors now properly accept SSL configuration as configured via standard JAX-RS ClientBuilder methods.

Previously, all Jersey connectors have been using their own default chunk size when HTTP chunked coding was used. Since Jersey 2.16, there is a new default chunk size value used by all connectors, if a custom chunk size is not set. The new default value is stored under ClientProperties.DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE client property.

### 31.14.2. Deprecated APIs

Following APIs were deprecated:

- `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties` - constant `SSL_CONFIG` has been marked as deprecated and will be removed in a subsequent release. Use ClientBuilder methods to configure SSL in a Client instance.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.jetty.connector.JettyClientProperties` - constant `SSL_CONFIG` has been marked as deprecated and will be removed in a subsequent release. Use ClientBuilder methods to configure SSL in a Client instance.

### 31.14.3. Breaking Changes

- JAX-B support modularization might cause breaking changes for those users relying on JAX-B and directly referring to the Jersey core-common module:

                                      <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-common</artifactId>
                                      <version>${pre-2.16-version}</version> </dependency>

  The following needs to be included in addition from version 2.16 on:

                                      <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-media-jaxb</artifactId>
                                      <version>2.44</version> </dependency>

- `MediaType`'s quality source parameters (`qs`) reuse the same parsing as quality parameters. This means that values higher than `1.0` throw ParseException. I.e. following example is not allowed any more:

                                      @Path("/") @Produces("text/html;qs=5") // wrong 'qs' value public class Bookstore { ... }

## 31.15. Migrating to 2.15

### 31.15.1. Release 2.15 Highlights

#### 31.15.1.1. Container agnostic CDI support

Before 2.15, CDI integration was supported primarily in Java EE containers with built-in CDI support. From version 2.15 onwards, it is possible to leverage CDI integration also outside of Java EE environment. A new example, helloworld-weld, has been introduced to demonstrate the new feature using Grizzly HTTP server. Another example application, cdi-webapp, has been updated so it enables Apache Tomcat Server deployment.

### 31.15.2. Breaking Changes

- CDI support improvement caused breaking changes for those users directly referring to the following CDI supporting Jersey module in maven:

                                      <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers.glassfish</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-gf-cdi</artifactId>
                                      <version>${pre-2.15-version}</version> </dependency>

  The above dependency needs to be replaced with:

                                      <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.ext.cdi</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-cdi1x</artifactId>
                                      <version>2.44</version> </dependency>

  The following needs to be included in addition if you want to leverage CDI JTA support:

                                      <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.ext.cdi</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-cdi1x-transaction</artifactId>
                                      <version>2.44</version> </dependency>

## 31.16. Migrating from Jersey 2.11 to 2.12

### 31.16.1. Release 2.12 Highlights

Following experimental APIs have been promoted to become part of public Jersey API:

- Jersey client-side HttpAuthenticationFeature API.

- Jersey server-side DestroyListener (formerly `ExtendedMonitoringStatisticsListener`), which has been slightly refactored and is now a separate interface (e.g. not extending`MonitoringStatisticsListener`), hence providing better compatibility with lambdas.

These APIs are now part of the official public Jersey 2.x API.

### 31.16.2. Breaking Changes

- Because of a bug fix for issue JERSEY-2602, we re-generate WADL classes from `wadl.xsd` to make sure the getters for boolean properties starts with `is` instead of `get` as in Jersey 1 and Jersey <= 2.6.

- For performance purposes a new server property ServerProperties.MONITORING_ENABLED has been introduced. It is possible to enable just basic almost static monitoring information using the property. It allows to inject ApplicationInfo object, renamed original class `org.glassfish.jersey.server.monitoring.ApplicationStatistics`. And MonitoringStatistics no more have a reference to`ApplicationStatistics`, method `getApplicationStatistics()` has been removed.

## 31.17. Migrating from Jersey 2.10 to 2.11

### 31.17.1. Release 2.11 Highlights

#### 31.17.1.1. Promoted Public Beta APIs

Several experimental Jersey APIs have matured enough and as such we have decided to promote them from Beta status, namely:

- Jersey client-side ConnectorProvider SPI.

- Jersey server-side ResponseErrorMapper SPI.

These APIs are now part of the official public Jersey 2.x API.

#### 31.17.1.2. Not closing provided streams in message body providers

Jersey is now preventing message body providers (MBR, MBW) from closing given input/output stream. With this change Jersey is enforcing the JavaDoc statements present in message body providers.

#### 31.17.1.3. Jackson 1

We have reintroduced support for JSON processing via Jackson 1.x JSON provider (1.9.11). In order to use Jackson 1 in your application you need to add `jersey-media-json-jackson1` module (+ its dependencies) to your class-path and register `Jackson1Feature` in your application (server or client).

#### 31.17.1.4. ClientLifecycleListener

Client-side providers (such as`ClientRequestFilter`s) implementing the new `org.glassfish.jersey.client.ClientLifecycleListener` interface will be notified when various lifecycle events occur. Currently client runtime initialization triggers the `onInit()` method and client closing triggers `onClose()` method. Such providers implementing the `ClientLifecycleListener` can be registered in a common way, e.g. into a `JerseyClient` or `JerseyWebTarget` instance, or into a (potentially) auto discoverable feature context.

## 31.18. Migrating from Jersey 2.9 to 2.10

### 31.18.1. Removed deprecated APIs

Following, already deprecated, APIs were removed:

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceModelContext` (not used)

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceModelListener` (not used)

## 31.19. Migrating from Jersey 2.8 to 2.9

### 31.19.1. Release 2.9 Highlights

#### 31.19.1.1. Declarative Linking

Gerard updated the Declarative Linking extension module which has been ported to Jersey 2 in version 2.6. You can read more about what Declarative Linking does and what it's capable of in the following blog posts:

- Declarative Linking in Jersey 2.9 and up

- Reading and writing JAX-RS Link objects

#### 31.19.1.2. Jackson 2

Our media module that supports working with JSON via Jackson library has been updated to use Jackson 2.x (2.3.2). All samples and tests have been rewritten to use Jackson 2 as well. In order to use Jackson 2 in your application you need to add jersey-media-json-jackson (+ its Jackson dependencies) to your class-path and register `JacksonFeature` in your application.

#### 31.19.1.3. META-INF/services

We dropped automatic registration of message body providers (MessageBodyWriter, MessageBodyReader) and exception mappers via META-INF/services mechanism. This functionality can be restored by adding `jersey-metainf-services` module to the class-path of your application.

Note: This change may affect 3rd party libraries (e.g. Jackson 2.x) in a way their provider would not be registered in an JAX-RS app. You need to either register them manually or use mentioned `jersey-metainf-services` module.

#### 31.19.1.4. Jersey Test Framework

Jersey Test Framework now supports TestNG to run the tests (in addition to the JUnit, which is supported by default). You can now run the tests in parallel using either JUnit or TestNG. See chapters dedicated to TestNG and parallel testing for more information: Section 29.3, “Running TestNG Tests” and Section 29.5, “Parallel Testing with Jersey Test Framework”.

### 31.19.2. Changes

- Some of the feature specific configuration properties (disable WADL, disable BV, disable JSON-Processing, enable Monitoring), and their server/client counterparts, are no longer affected by a value of properties `CommonProperties.FEATURE_AUTO_DISCOVERY_DISABLE` or `CommonProperties.METAINF_SERVICES_LOOKUP_DISABLE`. The specific properties have to be used to change default behaviour of mentioned features (e.g. `ServerProperties.WADL_FEATURE_DISABLE`).

- Automatic registration of `MessageBodyWriter`, `MessageBodyReaders` and `ExceptionMappers` via `META-INF/services` mechanism has been removed. Disabling the automatic registration of providers via `META-INF/services` may affect 3rd party libraries (i.e. Jackson 2.x) that are using this mechanism to register its providers. In order to restore this functionality the `org.glassfish.jersey.ext:jersey-metainf-services` has to be added on the classpath. Otherwise such providers has to be registered manually.

- The Jackson JSON Jersey module has been updated to use Jackson 2.x instead of Jackson 1.x. This means that all the code that has been using Jackson 1.x for JSON (de)serialization has to be migrated to Jackson 2.x.

## 31.20. Migrating from Jersey 2.7 to 2.8

### 31.20.1. Changes

- Because of a bug fix for issue JERSEY-2458, there has been a slight change in the behavior of UriInfo `getPath` and `getPathSegments` methods. The `getPath` methods no longer return a path prefixed with a slash (`'/'`), instead they now correctly return a request path relative to the base request URI. Also, the `UriInfo` now correctly handles requests which URI contains empty path segments (e.g.`http://localhost///a/b//c`). These empty path segments are now correctly included in the lists returned by the `UriInfo.getPathSegments` methods.

- SseFeature now gets automatically discovered and enabled if the SSE module is present on the class path. This behavior can be suppressed by setting DISABLE_SSE property to `true`. The behavior can also be selectively suppressed in either client or server runtime by setting the DISABLE_SSE_CLIENT or DISABLE_SSE_SERVER property respectively.

- Deprecated `getDestroyTime` method has been removed from `org.glassfish.jersey.server.monitoring.ApplicationStatistics`. To get the application shutdown information, a ContainerLifecycleListener should be registered and its `onShutdown` method implemented to listen to and process the application shutdown event.

- Method `triggerEvent(RequestEvent.Type)` has been removed from the public ContainerRequest API. This method has never been intended for public, application-level use.

- In Jersey 2.7 and earlier it was (under certain conditions) possible to supply custom TestContainerFactory as part of the tested JAX-RS / Jersey application. This factory would be picked and used by JerseyTest to instantiate TestContainer that will host the tested application. This feature was unreliable and redundant. As such, support for the feature has been removed. To specify a custom `TestContainerFactory` to be used by your `JerseyTest` subclass, please override the `JerseyTest.getTestContainerFactory` method instead. Overriding `getTestContainerFactory` now remains the only reliable way of specifying custom `TestContainerFactory` implementation to be used in your tests.

- Protected method `setTestContainerFactory` has been removed from the `JerseyTest` API as calling the method had no effect on the `TestContainerFactory` instance used by the `JerseyTest` subclass.

- Protected method `getClient` has been removed from the `JerseyTest` API. To configure test client instances, please override the `configureClient` method instead.

- Utility methods `JerseyTest` that provide access to pre-configured Client and WebTarget instances (`client()`, `target(...)`) have been made final to prevent overriding in subclasses and thus ensure consistency of the jersey test framework functionality.

- `JerseyTest` constructor `JerseyTest(Class<? extends Application>)` has been made deprecated and will be removed in the subsequent Jersey release.

- It was previously possible to pass in a custom ContainerProvider that was supposed to deploy and run the application as one of the JAX-RS / Jersey application providers. This ability has been removed without any substitute as the concept was fundamentally flawed. Typical use cases should not be affected by this change.

- Factory methods `createHttpServer` which take Jersey ApplicationHandler as one of the input parameters have been removed from the Jersey container factory API as inherently broken. This impacts GrizzlyHttpServerFactory, JdkHttpServerFactory, JettyHttpContainerFactory and SimpleContainerFactory implementations. The methods that take ResourceConfig as input parameter should be used instead. Typical use cases should not be affected by this change.

- Method `registerAdditionalBinders` on ApplicationHandler has been removed from the public API. Please use the specific `ApplicationHandler` constructor that accepts custom HK2 binders instead.

- Several configuration properties were renamed, especially those having client and server versions along with the common version in `CommonProperties`. Please see following table for complete reference:

  Table 31.1. List of changed configuration properties:

  Constant | Old value (Jersey 2.7 and before) | New value (Jersey 2.8+)
  --- | --- | ---
  ClientProperties.FEATURE_AUTO_DISCOVERY_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableAutoDiscovery.client` | `jersey.config.client.disableAutoDiscovery`
  ServerProperties.FEATURE_AUTO_DISCOVERY_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableAutoDiscovery.server` | `jersey.config.server.disableAutoDiscovery`
  ClientProperties.JSON_PROCESSING_FEATURE_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableJsonProcessing.client` | `jersey.config.client.disableJsonProcessing`
  ServerProperties.JSON_PROCESSING_FEATURE_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableJsonProcessing.server` | `jersey.config.server.disableJsonProcessing`
  ClientProperties.METAINF_SERVICES_LOOKUP_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableMetainfServicesLookup.client` | `jersey.config.client.disableMetainfServicesLookup`
  ServerProperties.METAINF_SERVICES_LOOKUP_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableMetainfServicesLookup.server` | `jersey.config.server.disableMetainfServicesLookup`
  ClientProperties.MOXY_JSON_FEATURE_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableMoxyJson.client` | `jersey.config.client.disableMoxyJson`
  ServerProperties.MOXY_JSON_FEATURE_DISABLE | `jersey.config.disableMoxyJson.server` | `jersey.config.server.disableMoxyJson`
  ClientProperties.OUTBOUND_CONTENT_LENGTH_BUFFER | `jersey.config.contentLength.buffer.client` | `jersey.config.client.contentLength.buffer`
  ServerProperties.OUTBOUND_CONTENT_LENGTH_BUFFER | `jersey.config.contentLength.buffer.server` | `jersey.config.server.contentLength.buffer`
  ServerProperties.TRACING | `jersey.config.server.tracing` | `jersey.config.server.tracing.type`

  The old names are still working for now, but are deprecated. There is a fallback mechanism implemented while reading the property and each get, that resolves the value from the old-named property, will log a `CONFIG` level warning.

## 31.21. Migrating from Jersey 2.6 to 2.7

### 31.21.1. Changes

- Until version 2.6, Jersey was compiled with Java SE 6. This has changes in Jersey 2.7. Now almost all Jersey components are compiled with Java SE 7 target. It means, that you will need at least Java SE 7 to be able to compile and run your application that is using latest Jersey. Only `core-common` and `core-client` modules are still compiled with Java class version runnable with Java SE 6.

- MVC support: method `writeTo` of TemplateProcessor was modified by adding an argument `MultivaluedMap<String, Object> httpHeaders`. This is an incompatible change (the method was modified directly in the interface). All Jersey provided MVC implementation were adjusted but if you have your own MVC implementation then you need to modify the method signature of the implementation.

- A minor JAX-RS incompatibility issue has been recently discovered and reported (see JERSEY-2387). As part of the fix, minor breaking changes related to URI resolving and creation have been introduced in the behavior of UriBuilder, Link.Builder and WebTarget classes. It is no longer possible to successfully build a new `URI` instance from a `UriBuilder` that contains unresolved template parameters. An `IllegalArgumentException` will be thrown in such case, as mandated by JAX-RS API javadoc. Similarly, it is not possible to successfully create a Link instance from a URI template with unresolved template parameters. Also, it is not possible to successfully send a request on a `WebTarget` that represents a URI template that does not have all the template parameters properly resolved. Any attempt to do so will fail with an exception. Note that this also applies to any managed clients injected into JAX-RS server-side components using Uri annotation.

  In Jersey 2.6 and earlier, producing a URI from an incompletely resolved URI template would succeed and all unresolved template parameter locations would be encoded without change into the resulting URI, for example `"/path/{param}"` would be implicitly encoded as `"/path/%7Bparam%7D"`. While we do not expect our users to depend on this functionality, if the former behavior is desired for some reason, `UriComponent.encodeTemplateNames` method can be used instead:

                                      URI.create(UriComponent.encodeTemplateNames(UriBuilder.fromUri("/path/{param}").toTemplate()));

  or simply

                                      URI.create(UriComponent.encodeTemplateNames("/path/{param}"));

## 31.22. Migrating from Jersey 2.5.1 to 2.6

### 31.22.1. Guava and ASM have been embedded

Jersey no longer depend directly on Guava and ASM artifacts which means that users are free to use their own versions of mentioned libraries.

New bundle has been created for Guava (`bundles/repackaged/jersey-guava`), with Maven coordinates: `org.glassfish.jersey.bundles.repackaged:jersey-guava`

(Repackaged) ASM is now part of Jersey Server. Jersey currently uses ASM 5 for package-scanning capabilities.

### 31.22.2. Deprecated APIs

Following APIs were deprecated:

- `org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.HttpDateFormat` - method `getPreferedDateFormat()` has been marked as deprecated due to typo in the name. New method `getPreferredDateFormat()` should be used instead.

### 31.22.3. Removed deprecated APIs

Following, already deprecated, APIs were removed:

- `org.glassfish.jersey.client.filter.HttpBasicAuthFilter` and `org.glassfish.jersey.client.filter.HttpDigestAuthFilter` (use HttpAuthenticationFeature instead)

- `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties.HTTP_PARAMS` (use `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties#REQUEST_CONFIG` instead), `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties.PROXY_URI`, `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties.PROXY_USERNAME`, `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheClientProperties.PROXY_PASSWORD` (use corresponding ClientProperties instead.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.validation.ValidationConfig.setMessageInterpolator` `org.glassfish.jersey.server.validation.ValidationConfig.setTraversableResolver` `org.glassfish.jersey.server.validation.ValidationConfig.setConstraintValidatorFactory` `org.glassfish.jersey.server.validation.ValidationConfig.setParameterNameProvider` (use corresponding methods of the same class without `"set"` prefix in the method names).

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.mvc.MvcProperties` (use properties of `org.glassfish.jersey.server.mvc.MvcFeature` instead).

- MVC does not allow to specify the resolving class. Resolving class is used to create a path of the template. Changes are:

  Annotation attribute `Class<?> org.glassfish.jersey.server.mvc.Template.resolvingClass()` (the attribute was obsolete and therefore removed. Resolving class now always the resource class in which the MVC resource method is defined).

  `resolvingClass` was removed from Viewable. The constructor no longer accepts this argument and there is no getter for this field.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.mvc.freemarker.FreemarkerProperties` (use FreemarkerMvcFeature instead)

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.mvc.jsp.JspProperties` (use JspMvcFeature instead)

- `org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.RuntimeResource.getFirstParentResource()` (use Resource.getParent() instead).

- WADL is by default displayed in the simplified form. It does not contain supporting resources like OPTIONS methods or `/application.wadl` itself. In order to get the full WADL use query param `detail=true`. For example make a GET request to `http://localhost:8080/application.wadl?detail=true`.

## 31.23. Migrating from Jersey 2.5 to 2.5.1

- WADL is by default displayed in the simplified form. It does not contain supporting resources like OPTIONS methods or `/application.wadl` itself. In order to get the full WADL use query param`detail=true`. For example make a GET request to `http://localhost:8080/application.wadl?detail=true`.

## 31.24. Migrating from Jersey 2.4.1 to 2.5

### 31.24.1. Client-side API and SPI changes

- Client chunked encoding configuration behaviour has changed:

  Jersey client uses chunked encoding (streaming) for serialization of the entity as a default option. Before Jersey 2.5 release entity buffering has been used by default. The size of the chunk can still be controlled by ClientProperties.CHUNKED_ENCODING_SIZE property, this property however no longer enforces the use of chunked encoding. To control request entity buffering and chunked transfer coding selection, please utilize use the new ClientProperties.REQUEST_ENTITY_PROCESSING property. The behaviour of the property is however not unified across the available Connector implementations and depends on the connector implementation configured for the Client instance. Default connector produced by HttpUrlConnectorProvider still uses buffering as default options due to bugs in `HttpURLConnection`. On the other hand, Jetty HTTP Client based connectors produced by JettyConnectorProvider do not support chunked encoding at all.

  Please note that this is not a newly introduced limitation - it's merely an official acknowledgement of the fact that different connectors have different capabilities and limitations - something that has always been part of the individual connector implementations, it just was not publicly acknowledged.

- New ConnectorProvider SPI has been introduced to decouple Connector instantiation from Client instance boot-strapping. As such, the `connector(Connector)` method has been removed from ClientConfig API. It has been replaced with a newly introduced `connectorProvider(ConnectorProvider)` method.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.client.HttpUrlConnector` has been removed from the public API. HttpUrlConnectorProvider should be used to produce HttpURLConnection connector instances instead.

- `ClientProperties.HTTP_URL_CONNECTION_SET_METHOD_WORKAROUND` property has been moved to the new HttpUrlConnectorProvider has been introduced in Jersey 2.4) has been moved to the new HttpUrlConnectorProvider class as this property is specific to the connector instances created by `HttpUrlConnectorProvider` only. The property has been also renamed to HttpUrlConnector.SET_METHOD_WORKAROUND. The name of the property remains the same - `jersey.config.client.httpUrlConnection.setMethodWorkaround`.

- `ClientProperties.HTTP_URL_CONNECTOR_FIX_LENGTH_STREAMING` property (that class as this property is specific to the connector instances created by `HttpUrlConnectorProvider` only. The property has been also renamed to HttpUrlConnectorProvider.USE_FIXED_LENGTH_STREAMING and the new property name is `jersey.config.client.httpUrlConnector.useFixedLengthStreaming`.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.grizzly.connector.GrizzlyConnector` has been removed from the public API. GrizzlyConnectorProvider should be used to produce Grizzly Asynchronous HTTP Client connector instances instead.

- Public constructor has been removed from the `org.glassfish.jersey.apache.connector.ApacheConnector`; API. ApacheConnectorProvider should be used to provide Apache HTTP Client connector instances instead.

- Public constructor has been removed from the `org.glassfish.jersey.jetty.connector.JettyConnector`; API. JettyConnectorProvider should be used to provide Jetty HTTP Client connector instances instead.

- Renamed property `CACHING_TEMPLATES_ENABLED` in MustacheMvcFeature from `jersey.config.server.mvc.caching.mustache.enabled` to `jersey.config.server.mvc.caching.mustache`.

- Authentication filters `org.glassfish.jersey.client.filter.HttpBasicAuthFilter` and `org.glassfish.jersey.client.filter.HttpDigestAuthFilter` were deprecated and replaced by HttpAuthenticationFeature.

### 31.24.2. Other changes

- The ContainerLifecycleListener invokes event `onStartup` and `onShutdown` also when application is being started or stopped because of application redeploy. The interface was marked as a Beta now.

- The monitoring statistics method `ApplicationStatistics.getDestroyTime()` is deprecated and returns always null. Use ContainerLifecycleListener to listen on application destroy and get the destroy time.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.spi.ResponseExecutorsProvider` contract has been completely removed from the Jersey SPI as it was inconsistently used by Jersey runtime and we did not find a suitable use case where a custom response executor would make sense. While we have no indication that the removed SPI is used in the Jersey community, please do not hesitate to contact us in case you think that you have a valid use case where the use of a custom response executor makes sense.

- `org.glassfish.jersey.spi.RequestsExecutorsProvider` contract has been renamed to `org.glassfish.jersey.spi.RequestsExecutorsProvider`. It has been also extended with an additional `releaseRequestingExecutor` method to address executor shutdown handling issues reported in JERSEY-2205. As such, any custom implementation of the SPI is now required to implement the new method. (Note that the SPI has been removed in Jersey 2.18 - see the Jersey 2.18 release migration guide section for more details.)

## 31.25. Migrating from Jersey 2.4 to 2.4.1

- The unsupported `ClientProperties.BUFFER_RESPONSE_ENTITY_ON_EXCEPTION` property, with value of `jersey.config.client.bufferResponseEntityOnException`, has been removed from the API. Since Jersey 2.4 where JERSEY-2157 issue has been fixed, Jersey client runtime automatically buffers error response entities. This behavior is automatic and there is no need to set any property.

## 31.26. Migrating from Jersey 2.3 to 2.4

- All deprecated SSE InboundEvent `getData(...)` methods have been removed from the API. Use the new `readData(...)` methods have been introduced instead in Jersey 2.3 for consistency with other parts of client-side JAX-RS API. Access to the raw SSE event data content is provided via a `InboundEvent`'s `byte[] getRawData()` method that has been introduced in Jersey 2.3 as well.

- All EJB and CDI integration classes have been moved into internal Jersey packages, to clearly state the integration code should not be used as a public API.

## 31.27. Migrating from Jersey 2.0, 2.1 or 2.2 to 2.3

- All existing SSE InboundEvent `getData(...)` methods have been made deprecated and new `readData(...)` methods have been introduced instead for consistency with other parts of client-side JAX-RS API. The deprecated `getData(...)` methods will be removed in Jersey 2.4. A new SSE InboundEvent `byte[] getRawData()` method has been introduced to provide access to the raw SSE event data content.

- Generic Broadcaster methods for adding/removing BroadcasterListener registrations have been renamed from `addBroadcasterListener/removeBroadcasterListener` to simply `add/remove`.

- Generic Broadcaster (and transitively, SseBroadcaster) `add/remove` methods - that are responsible for adding/removing BroadcasterListener and ChunkedOutput (or EventOutput) registrations - no longer try to avoid duplicate registrations by comparing hash code of the added/removed instance with the hash codes of already registered instances. This behavior has been identified as a potential source of hard to discover bugs and was removed as such. The issue with the former behavior was that hash codes as integer values provide only a very limited value space that could lead to false-positive duplicate registration rejections, especially with larger number of simultaneously connected SSE clients (represented by `ChunkedOutput` or `EventOutput` broadcaster registrations). Consequently, users who rely on the old registration behavior in their application code need to adapt the code to the revised behavior of `Broadcaster` `add/remove` methods.

## 31.28. Migrating from Jersey 1.x to 2.0

This chapter is a migration guide for people switching from Jersey 1.x. Since many of the Jersey 1.x features became part of JAX-RS 2.0 standard which caused changes in the package names, we decided it is a good time to do a more significant incompatible refactoring, which will allow us to introduce some more interesting new features in the future. As the result, there are many incompatibilities between Jersey 1.x and Jersey 2.0. This chapter summarizes how to migrate the concepts found in Jersey 1.x to Jersey/JAX-RS 2.0 concepts.

### 31.28.1. Server API

Jersey 1.x contains number of proprietary server APIs. This section covers migration of application code relying on those APIs.

#### 31.28.1.1. Injecting custom objects

Jersey 1.x have its own internal dependency injection framework which handles injecting various parameters into field or methods. It also provides a way how to register custom injection provider in Singleton or PerRequest scopes. Jersey 2.x uses HK2 as dependency injection framework and users are also able to register custom classes or instances to be injected in various scopes.

Main difference in Jersey 2.x is that you don't need to create special classes or providers for this task; everything should be achievable using HK2 API. Custom injectables can be registered at ResourceConfig level by adding new HK2 Module or by dynamically adding binding almost anywhere using injected HK2 Services instance.

Jersey 1.x Singleton:

    ResourceConfig resourceConfig = new
                            DefaultResourceConfig(); resourceConfig.getSingletons().add( new SingletonTypeInjectableProvider<Context,
                            SingletonType>( SingletonType.class, new SingletonType()) {});

Jersey 1.x PerRequest:

    ResourceConfig resourceConfig = new
                            DefaultResourceConfig(); resourceConfig.getSingletons().add( new PerRequestTypeInjectableProvider<Context,
                            PerRequestType>() { @Override public Injectable<PerRequestType> getInjectable(ComponentContext
                            ic, Context context) { //... } });

Jersey 2.0 HK2 Module:

    public static class MyBinder extends AbstractBinder
                            {

                            @Override protected void configure() { // request scope binding
                            bind(MyInjectablePerRequest.class).to(MyInjectablePerRequest.class).in(RequestScoped.class); // singleton
                            binding bind(MyInjectableSingleton.class).in(Singleton.class); // singleton instance binding bind(new
                            MyInjectableSingleton()).to(MyInjectableSingleton.class); }

                            }

                            // register module to ResourceConfig (can be done also in constructor) ResourceConfig rc = new
                            ResourceConfig(); rc.addClasses(/* ... */); rc.addBinders(new MyBinder());

Jersey 2.0 dynamic binding:

    public static class MyApplication extends
                            Application {

                            @Inject public MyApplication(ServiceLocator serviceLocator) { System.out.println("Registering
                            injectables...");

                            DynamicConfiguration dc = Injections.getConfiguration(serviceLocator);

                            // request scope binding Injections.addBinding(
                            Injections.newBinder(MyInjectablePerRequest.class).to(MyInjectablePerRequest.class).in(RequestScoped.class),
                            dc);

                            // singleton binding Injections.addBinding( Injections.newBinder(MyInjectableSingleton.class)
                            .to(MyInjectableSingleton.class) .in(Singleton.class), dc);

                            // singleton instance binding Injections.addBinding( Injections.newBinder(new MyInjectableSingleton())
                            .to(MyInjectableSingleton.class), dc);

                            // request scope binding with specified custom annotation Injections.addBinding(
                            Injections.newBinder(MyInjectablePerRequest.class) .to(MyInjectablePerRequest.class) .qualifiedBy(new
                            MyAnnotationImpl()) .in(RequestScoped.class), dc);

                            // commits changes dc.commit(); }

                            @Override public Set<Class<?>> getClasses() { return ... }}

#### 31.28.1.2. ResourceConfig Reload

In Jersey 1, the reload functionality is based on two interfaces:

1. com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerListener
2. com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerNotifier

Containers, which support the reload functionality implement the `ContainerListener` interface, so that once you get access to the actual container instance, you could call its `onReload` method and get the container re-load the config. The second interface helps you to obtain the actual container instance reference. An example on how things are wired together follows.

Example 31.1. Jersey 1 reloader implementation

    public class Reloader implements
                                ContainerNotifier { List<ContainerListener> ls;

                                public Reloader() { ls = new ArrayList<ContainerListener>(); }

                                public void addListener(ContainerListener l) { ls.add(l); }

                                public void reload() { for (ContainerListener l : ls) { l.onReload(); } } }

Example 31.2. Jersey 1 reloader registration

    Reloader reloader = new Reloader();
                                resourceConfig.getProperties().put(ResourceConfig.PROPERTY_CONTAINER_NOTIFIER, reloader);

In Jersey 2, two interfaces are involved again, but these have been re-designed.

1. org.glassfish.jersey.server.spi.Container
2. org.glassfish.jersey.server.spi.ContainerLifecycleListener

The `Container` interface introduces two `reload` methods, which you can call to get the application re-loaded. One of these methods allows to pass in a new `ResourceConfig` instance. You can register your implementation of `ContainerLifecycleListener` the same way as any other provider (i.e. either by annotating it by @Provider annotation or adding it to the Jersey ResourceConfig directly either using the class (using `ResourceConfig.addClasses()`) or registering a particular instance using `ResourceConfig.addSingletons()` method.

An example on how things work in Jersey 2 follows.

Example 31.3. Jersey 2 reloader implementation

    public class Reloader implements
                                ContainerLifecycleListener {

                                Container container;

                                public void reload(ResourceConfig newConfig) { container.reload(newConfig); }

                                public void reload() { container.reload(); }

                                @Override public void onStartup(Container container) { this.container = container; }

                                @Override public void onReload(Container container) { // ignore or do whatever you want after reload
                                has been done }

                                @Override public void onShutdown(Container container) { // ignore or do something after the container
                                has been shutdown } }

Example 31.4. Jersey 2 reloader registration

    Reloader reloader = new Reloader();
                                resourceConfig.addSingletons(reloader);

#### 31.28.1.3. MessageBodyReaders and MessageBodyWriters ordering

JAX-RS 2.0 defines new order of MessageBodyWorkers - whole set is sorted by declaration distance, media type and source (custom providers having higher priority than default ones provided by Jersey). JAX-RS 1.x ordering can still be forced by setting parameter `MessageProperties.LEGACY_WORKERS_ORDERING` (`"jersey.config.workers.legacyOrdering"`) to `true` in `ResourceConfig` or `ClientConfig` properties.

### 31.28.2. Migrating Jersey Client API

JAX-RS 2.0 provides functionality that is equivalent to the Jersey 1.x proprietary client API. Here is a rough mapping between the Jersey 1.x and JAX-RS 2.0 Client API classes:

Table 31.2. Mapping of Jersey 1.x to JAX-RS 2.0 client classes

Jersey 1.x Class | JAX-RS 2.0 Class | Notes
--- | --- | ---
com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client | ClientBuilder | For the static factory methods and constructors.
| Client | For the instance methods.
com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource | WebTarget |
com.sun.jersey.api.client.AsyncWebResource | WebTarget | You can access async versions of the async methods by calling `WebTarget.request().async()`

The following sub-sections show code examples.

#### 31.28.2.1. Making a simple client request

Jersey 1.x way:

    Client client = Client.create(); WebResource
                            webResource = client.resource(restURL).path("myresource/{param}"); String result =
                            webResource.pathParam("param", "value").get(String.class);

JAX-RS 2.0 way:

    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
                            WebTarget target = client.target(restURL).path("myresource/{param}"); String result =
                            target.pathParam("param", "value").get(String.class);

#### 31.28.2.2. Registering filters

Jersey 1.x way:

    Client client = Client.create(); WebResource
                            webResource = client.resource(restURL); webResource.addFilter(new HTTPBasicAuthFilter(username,
                            password));

JAX-RS 2.0 way:

    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
                            WebTarget target = client.target(restURL); target.register(new HttpBasicAuthFilter(username, password));

#### 31.28.2.3. Setting "Accept" header

Jersey 1.x way:

    Client client = Client.create(); WebResource
                            webResource = client.resource(restURL).accept("text/plain"); ClientResponse response =
                            webResource.get(ClientResponse.class);

JAX-RS 2.0 way:

    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
                            WebTarget target = client.target(restURL); Response response = target.request("text/plain").get();

#### 31.28.2.4. Attaching entity to request

Jersey 1.x way:

    Client client = Client.create(); WebResource
                            webResource = client.resource(restURL); ClientResponse response = webResource.post(ClientResponse.class,
                            "payload");

JAX-RS 2.0 way:

    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
                            WebTarget target = client.target(restURL); Response response =
                            target.request().post(Entity.text("payload"));

#### 31.28.2.5. Setting SSLContext and/or HostnameVerifier

Jersey 1.x way:

    HTTPSProperties prop = new
                            HTTPSProperties(hostnameVerifier, sslContext); DefaultClientConfig dcc = new DefaultClientConfig();
                            dcc.getProperties().put(HTTPSProperties.PROPERTY_HTTPS_PROPERTIES, prop); Client client =
                            Client.create(dcc);

Jersey 2.0 way:

    Client client = ClientBuilder.newBuilder()
                            .sslContext(sslContext) .hostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier) .build();

### 31.28.3. JSON support changes

JSON Support has undergone certain changes in Jersey 2.x. The most visible difference for the developer is in the initialization and configuration.

In Jersey 1.x, the JAXB/JSON Support was implemented as a set of `MessageBodyReaders` and `MessageWriters` in the `jersey-json` module. Internally, there were several implementations of JSON to Object mapping ranging from Jersey's own custom solution to third party providers, such as `Jackson` or`Jettison`. The configuration of the JSON support was centralized in the `JSONConfiguration` and `JSONJAXBContext` classes.

#### 31.28.3.1. Initialization

There are three main JSON-mapping handling approaches, which are preserved in Jersey 2: JAXB-based, POJO mapping and Low-level parsing The following table shows how to enable each of them in both Jersey 2 compared to Jersey 1:

Table 31.3. JSON approaches and usage in Jersey 1 vs Jersey 2

Approach | Jersey 1 | Jersey 2
--- | --- | ---
POJO | register`POJOMappingFeature`, use ObjectMapper for configuration | use `Jackson` provider: (add `jersey-media-json-jackson` dependency and register the`JacksonFeature`), configure with custom ObjectMapper instance.
JAXB | Default; use`JSONConfiguration`/ `JSONJAXBContext` for configuration | use `MOXy` (add the `jersey-media-moxy` dependency; the feature will be registered automatically), configure using `MoxyJsonConfig`
Low-level | Direct usage of `JSONObject` and/or `JSONArray` classes | use JSON-P (standard) or Jettison (non-standard) APIs (add the relevant dependency)

Example 31.5. Initializing JAXB-based support with MOXy

                                <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-media-moxy</artifactId>
                                <version>2.44</version> </dependency>

### Note

For JAXB-based support, MOXy is the default way in Jersey 2. However, other providers (`Jackson`,`Jettison`) can be used as well. The relevant feature has to be registered (and dependency added) and custom implementation of `ContextResolver` has to be provided. See the code snippets in the related chapter.

For more on particular `Feature` registration, see also: Jackson registration, Jettison registration, MOXy registration, JSON-P registration.

It is important to point out, that the `Feature` registration has to be done separately for client and server.

### Note

With Jersey 2.9, `Jackson` has been updated to version 2.3.2. The feature is still configured via mentioned `ObjectMapper` class, but the package has changed.

- For`jackson 1.x`, use `org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper`
- For`jackson 2.x`, use `com.fasterxml.jackson.core.ObjectMapper`

#### 31.28.3.2. JSON Notation

Jersey 1 was selecting the provider automatically based on the desired JSON Notation. This concept was replaced in Jersey 2 by direct choice of provider (as shown above). To provide some guide how to achieve the same results as in the previous Jersey version, see the following list:

- `MAPPED` not supported

- `NATURAL` default MOXy output

- `JETTISON_MAPPED` supported by Jettison

- `BADGERFISH` supported by Jettison

#### 31.28.3.3. Configuration

As mentioned, the centralized configuration of Jersey 1's `JSONConfiguration` does not have a direct equivalent in Jersey 2. Each provider has its own way to be configured. Detailed description of each method and property is out of scope of this migration guide and can be found in the documentation and APIs of the relevant providers and/or the relevant Jersey module API. Bellow are several basic examples how to configure certain options when using MOXy with Jersey's `MoxyJsonConfig` class.

- Formated output

  Jersey 1: `JSONConfiguration.createJSONConfigurationWithFormatted()`

  Jersey 2/MOXy: `MoxyJsonConfig.setFormattedOutput()`

- Namespaces mapping

  Jersey 1: `JSONConfiguration.natural().xml2JsonNs()`

  Jersey 2/MOXy: `MoxyJsonConfig.setNamespacePrefixMapper()`

- Namespace separator

  Jersey 1: `JSONConfiguration.natural().nsSeparator()`

  Jersey 2/MOXy: `MoxyJsonConfig.setNamespaceSeparator()`

Properties can be also passed directly to `Marshaller` and/or `Unmarshaller` using: `MoxyJsonConfig`'s `property()`, `marshallerProperty()` and `unmarshallerProperty()` methods.

More on the JSON Support topic can be found in Section 9.1, “JSON”.

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