Module org.mbari.jcommons
Package org.mbari.jcommons.ocean

Class Seawater

java.lang.Object
org.mbari.jcommons.ocean.Seawater
public class Seawater extends Object
Since:
2011-12-17

  • Method Summary

    Modifier and Type
    Method
    Description
    static double
    atg(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
    Adiabatic temperature gradient (salinity,temperature,pressure)
    static double
    bulkmod(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
    Seawater bulk modulus
    static double
    delta(double salinity, double temperature)
     
    static double
    delta(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
    Specific volume anomaly = f(S,T,P) International Equation of State of Seawater (1980)
    static double
    density(double S, double T)
    Seawater density (S, T, 0) International Equation of State of Seawater (1980) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
    static double
    density(double S, double T, double P)
    DENSITY - Seawater density (S,T,P)
    static double
    depth(double pressure, double latitude)
    Calculate ocean depth from measured pressure and latitude.
    static double
    freeze(double salinity, double pressure)
    Freezing point of seawater.
    static double
    salinity(double conductivity, double temperature)
     
    static double
    salinity(double conductivity, double temperature, double pressure)
    Conversion of conductivity ratio to practical salinity (R, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
    static double
    sigmat(double salinity, double temperature)
    Computes the potential density anomaly sigma-t International Equation of State of Seawater (1980) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
    static double
    spiciness(double salinity, double theta, double pressure)
    'Spiciness', an oceanographic variable for characterization of intrusions and water masses.
    static double
    svel(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
    Sound velocity in seawater = f(S, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
    static double
    theta(double salinity, double temperature, double p0)
     
    static double
    theta(double salinity, double temperature, double p0, double pr)
    Local potential temperature at the reference pressure = f(S, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)

    Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

    clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

  • Method Details

    • atg

      public static double atg(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
      Adiabatic temperature gradient (salinity,temperature,pressure)

      From: UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)

      Parameters:
      salinity - (psu)
      temperature - (celsius)
      pressure - (decibar)
      Returns:
      Adiabatic temperature gradient (C/dbar)

    • bulkmod

      public static double bulkmod(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
      Seawater bulk modulus
      Parameters:
      salinity - (psu)
      temperature - (celsius)
      pressure - (dbar)
      Returns:
      Seawater bulk modulus in BARS!! (not dbar)

    • delta

      public static double delta(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
      Specific volume anomaly = f(S,T,P) International Equation of State of Seawater (1980)
      Parameters:
      salinity - psu
      temperature - Celsius
      pressure - decibar (Supply P = 0 to obtain delta-t)
      Returns:
      Specific Volume Anomaly (centiliters/ton or 1E-8 m^3/kg)

    • delta

      public static double delta(double salinity, double temperature)
      Parameters:
      salinity -
      temperature -
      Returns:

    • density

      public static double density(double S, double T, double P)
      DENSITY - Seawater density (S,T,P)

      International Equation of State of Seawater (1980) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)

      Example: density(34.567,5.00,2000) -> 1.036409 density(35,25,10000) -> 1.06253817 UNESCO 44 p19

      Parameters:
      S - = Salinity (psu)
      T - = Temperature (C)
      P - = Pressure (dbar)
      Returns:
      density (kg/liter)

    • density

      public static double density(double S, double T)
      Seawater density (S, T, 0) International Equation of State of Seawater (1980) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
      Parameters:
      S - = salinity psu
      T - = temperature C
      Returns:
      density (kg/liter)

    • depth

      public static double depth(double pressure, double latitude)
      Calculate ocean depth from measured pressure and latitude.

      Example: depth_(5000,36) -> 4906.08
      depth_(1000,90) -> 9674.23 UNESCO 44 p28

      Note: For more accurate results an additional factor of the ratio of the actual geopotential anomaly/gravity must be added. This correction will be less than 2 m.

      Parameters:
      pressure - dbar
      latitude - decimal degrees
      Returns:

    • freeze

      public static double freeze(double salinity, double pressure)
      Freezing point of seawater. Ref: UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)

      TODO: Create unit test freeze(33, 0) -> -1.808 freeze(35,500) -> -2.299 UNESCO 44 p30

      Parameters:
      salinity - Salinity (psu)
      pressure - Pressure (dbar)
      Returns:
      Freezing point (Celsius)

    • salinity

      public static double salinity(double conductivity, double temperature, double pressure)
      Conversion of conductivity ratio to practical salinity (R, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
      Parameters:
      conductivity - Conductivity ratio
      temperature - C
      pressure - (dbar)
      Returns:
      Practical salinity (psu or ~g/kg)

    • salinity

      public static double salinity(double conductivity, double temperature)
      Parameters:
      conductivity -
      temperature -
      Returns:

    • sigmat

      public static double sigmat(double salinity, double temperature)
      Computes the potential density anomaly sigma-t International Equation of State of Seawater (1980) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
      Parameters:
      salinity - psu
      temperature - Celsius
      Returns:
      potential depth anomaly (g/liter)

    • spiciness

      public static double spiciness(double salinity, double theta, double pressure)
      'Spiciness', an oceanographic variable for characterization of intrusions and water masses.

      Spiceness is orthogonal to isopycnals of potential density

      Algorithmn from P. Flament, Subduction and finestructure associated with upwelling filaments. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of California, San Diego. Vol 32. No.10. pp.1195 to 1207. 1985

      Parameters:
      salinity - psu
      theta - Potential temperature Celsius (see theta)
      pressure - decibar
      Returns:

    • svel

      public static double svel(double salinity, double temperature, double pressure)
      Sound velocity in seawater = f(S, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
      Parameters:
      salinity - psu
      temperature - Celsius
      pressure - dbar
      Returns:
      Speed of sound in seawater (m/s)

    • theta

      public static double theta(double salinity, double temperature, double p0, double pr)
      Local potential temperature at the reference pressure = f(S, T, P) UNESCO Tech Paper Mar Sci 44 (1983)
      Parameters:
      salinity - psu
      temperature - Celsius
      p0 - (decibar)
      pr - Reference pressure (decibar)
      Returns:
      Potential Temperature at the reference pressure (Celsius)

    • theta

      public static double theta(double salinity, double temperature, double p0)
      Parameters:
      salinity -
      temperature -
      p0 -
      Returns: